Real-time administration of tool sharing and best matching to enhance assembly lines balanceability and flexibility

Collaboration has been found in previous studies on the design of assembly lines to be a useful mechanism. In this study, the focus is on a collaborative assembly (CA) framework, inspired by the design principles of CCT, the Collaborative Control Theory, to improve balanceability and flexibility of assembly lines through tool sharing (TS) among idle and bottleneck workstations. TS is widely practiced in advanced assembly facilities to reduce cost and improve consistency and standardization in assembly and in assembly-and-test utilities, relying often on real time control. The framework developed here addresses the systems design aspect of Mechatronics, covering the planning, execution, and control mechanisms. Planning includes assembly line balancing (ALB) and initial TS decisions, made continually by solving a bi-objective mixed-integer program (BOMIP). A collaborative multi-agent system (CMAS) enhanced with a TS-best matching (BM) protocol is developed to execute the plan, control the process, and modify the TS decisions, considering dynamic changes in the system’s operations. Experiments show that the new CA framework significantly outperforms classic approaches (i.e., ALB without TS-BM) in terms of cycle time, utilization of tools, and balanceability. In addition, the control mechanism is proven to augment the line’s flexibility against the inherent uncertainties of assembly processes, compared to the previously developed static CA frameworks.     

一种二线制无极性数字称重传感器

现有的数字传感器至少由2根数据线和2根电源线共4根线组成,每根线均有明确的分工和极性,不能接错和短路,否则易损坏设备,需专业人员才能安装和维护;数据传输加密方式有限,易破解。利用本公司研发的"智能终端整机供电用二线制数据/电源共线传输装置及方法",将数字传感器的连线减至2根,且无极性、可短路,简化了系统的连接,提高系统的可靠性,使安装和维护变得极为简便。数据传输采用特殊的加密方式,极难破解。     

具有光照鲁棒的图像匹配方法

针对现有的基于局部特征的图像匹配算法对光照变化敏感、匹配正确率低等问题，提出一种具有光照鲁棒性的图像匹配算法。首先使用实时对比保留去色（RTCP）算法灰度化图像，然后利用对比拉伸函数模拟不同光照变换对图像的影响从而提取抗光照变换特征点，最后采用局部强度顺序模式建立特征点描述符，根据待匹配图像局部特征点描述符的欧氏距离判断是否为成对匹配点。在公开数据集上，所提算法与尺度不变特征变换（SIFT）算法、加速鲁棒特征（SURF）算法、"风"（KAZE）算法和ORB算法在匹配速度和匹配正确率上进行了对比实验。实验结果表明：随着图像亮度差异的增加，SIFT算法、SURF算法、"风"（KAZE）算法和ORB算法匹配正确率下降迅速，所提算法下降缓慢并且正确率均高于80%；所提算法特征点检测较慢和描述符维数较高，平均耗时为23.47 s，匹配速度不及另外四种算法，但匹配质量却远超过它们。对实时性要求不高的系统中，所提算法可以克服光照变化对图像匹配造成的影响。     

A Comparison of Pellet Quality from Straight-grate and Grate-kiln Furnaces

Both straight-grate and grate-kiln furnaces have been accepted in the iron ore industry. Both are considered to be roughly equal when comparing overall costs and expenses versus the final product production rate. However, the product quality of these two systems is not equal. This is shown by critically examining the dust generation of pellets from several facilities. The dustiness of pellets is associated with overall pellet strength, and is an important quality measure of fired pellets on its own. A clear distinction between the dustiness of grate-kiln and straight-grate fired pellets is established. We conclude that grate-kiln-cooler systems provide superior pellet quality, but at the cost of some pellet production rate.     

Categorical observers for metamerism

A method is proposed to generate categorical colour observer functions (individual colour matching functions) for any field size based on the CIE 2006 system of physiological observer functions. The method combines proposed categorical observer techniques of Sarkar et al with a physiologically-based individual observer model of Asano et al and a clustering technique to produce the optimal set of categorical observers. The number of required categorical observers varies depending on an application with as many as 50 required to predict individual observers' matches when a laser projector is viewed. However, 10 categorical observers are sufficient to represent colour-normal populations for personalized colour imaging. The proposed and recommended categorical observers represent a robust and inclusive technique to examine and quantify observer metamerism in any application of colorimetry.     

单曲柄双摇杆无相差扑翼驱动机构的设计与仿真

在具有二级减速齿轮的单曲柄双摇杆机构上,通过加入Watt直线机构,建立三维扑翼飞行器模型,保证了左右拍动完全对称,提高了扑动的紧凑性和稳定性。Adams仿真分析表明左右扑翼角度和角速度完全一致,提高了运动对称性,验证了该优化方法的正确性和可行性。     

商用车输入轴生产线智能化建设

根据用户要求,从空间布局和网络拓扑方面介绍了输入轴智能化生产线的建设过程,详述各环节的工作任务和动作机能,给出了主要零/部件的结构图样。生产线投用后,成效显著。对智能化制造商具有指导意义,对商用车用户具有借鉴意义。     

大口径管道直管段制作技术应用

针对大口径管道施工过程中存在施工周期长,施工难度大,工程成本高等问题,提出一种新型优化管段分段技术和管段组对方案。结果表明:该制作技术能保证大口管道安装施工顺利进行;有效地解决现有大口径套管安装过程中的技术难题。该方法具有创新性、实用性、可靠性等优点,在工程建设的许多领域,具有推广应用价值。     

基于多线结构光的弱纹理物体形貌测量方法

大多数现有的主流结构光测量装置在被测物体的表面上投射单条激光,通过移动装置实现物体表面的扫描重建。为了实现物体表面的在线快速重建,将多线结构光和双目立体视觉理论相结合,设计了一种新的三维测量方法。提出了一种结合形态滤波和Zhang-Suen细化算法的光条骨架提取方法和基于光条序列关系的光条匹配算法,并通过极线约束实现光条上特征点的精确匹配。通过实验验证了方法的有效性,相对误差在3%以内。